Uncertainty in storage capacity and lack of standardisation for shared CCS/CCU infrastructure pose significant challenges, hindering an interoperable CO₂ network for long-term deployment. A well-integrated CO₂ infrastructure, including geological storage sites, is essential for enabling CCS solutions to contribute as needed to Denmark’s climate goals.

Parallel to addressing key issues within infrastructure and storage, energy efficient CO₂ capture from industrial point sources is a key component of Denmark’s climate strategy.  While first-generation capture technologies are being deployed, they face significant challenges in cost, energy efficiency, and adaptability – especially for smaller emitters and decentralised sources. Acceleration of the development of next-generation CO₂ capture technologies that enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and expand the range of viable capture solutions is needed.

The strategic learning questions listed below define some of the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to unlock scalable CO₂ transport, storage, and capture solutions. Project applications under this theme must relate directly to one or more of these learning questions. 

More details about the strategic learning questions can be found in the full call text. (Link in the box below.)

Projects must fall within TRL (Technology Readiness Levels) 3–8. Activities addressing technologies in the mid-TRL range (approximately TRL 4–7) are expected to be most relevant for this theme.

Strategic learning questions:

1.1
Where is the greatest potential for expanding Denmark’s CO₂ storage capacity, and how can geological assessments reduce uncertainty about site scalability and maturation?

1.2
What are the key technical and regulatory requirements for establishing a harmonised and interoperable CO₂ infrastructure in Denmark?

1.3
What are the key enablers for optimizing CO₂ transport and storage through digital solutions and process integration?

1.4
How can CO₂ capture processes be optimised to minimise energy consumption and improve efficiency?

1.5
How can modular and decentralised CO₂ capture systems be designed to enable cost-effective deployment for smaller and mid-size emitters?